Browsing HELCOM Manuals and Guidelines by Issue Date
Now showing items 21-40 of 49
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Guidelines for determination of salinity and temperature using CTD.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2017)Salinity Measurements based on electrical conductivity have since the 1960s replaced measurements of chlorinity. The Practical Salinity Scale of 1978 (PSS-78) presently used, has been defined to maintain a continuity ... -
Manual for Marine Monitoring in the COMBINE Programme of HELCOM.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2017)Monitoring is since long a well-established function of the Helsinki Convention. Monitoring of physical, chemical and biological variables of the open sea started in 1979, monitoring of radioactive substances in the Baltic ... -
HELCOM Guidelines for monitoring continuous noise.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2018)Continuous anthropogenic noise may exert a significant pressure on the marine environment due to its constancy and extent over vast areas. Distant ships, wind and rain, are examples of continuous sound sources. Sound from ... -
Guidelines for monitoring Seal abundance and distribution in the HELCOM area.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2018)HELCOM Recommendation 27-28/2 tasks the HELCOM SEAL Expert Group to develop and coordinate monitoring programmes to, among other things, assess the abundance and distribution, and the trends ofthese parameters of the Baltic ... -
Guidelines for sampling and determination of dissolved oxygen in seawater.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2018)The dissolved oxygen (DO) content in seawater is controlled by several unrelated processes including exchange with air, metabolism of plants and animals, microbial and chemical decomposition of organic matter, hydrodynamic ... -
Guideline on the determination of Perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) in seawater.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2018)Perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and other per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are considered global environmental contaminants. PFOS and PFOA are chemically and biologically ... -
Guideline for the determination of heavy metals in sediment.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2018)This Technical note provides advice on the analysis of heavy metals in total marine and coastal sediments and sieved fractions, including sampling and sample handling. The analysis of heavy metals in sediments basically ... -
Guidelines on transboundary MSP output data structure in the Baltic Sea.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2019)The goal of these Guidelines on transboundary maritime spatial planning (MSP) output data structure (Guidelines) is to facilitate data availability and coherence of MSP, as well as transboundary cooperation under ... -
Guidelines for coastal fish monitoring.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2019)Coastal fish communities are influenced by a plethora of impacting variables, including human-induced pressures related to overexploitation, climate change, eutrophication, contaminants, habitat degradation, effects of ... -
HELCOM Indicator Manual. Version 2020-1.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2020)The HELCOM indicators are a critical component of the Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP) and its approach to the assessment of good ecological/environmental status (referred to as ‘good status’ from here on) in the marine ... -
Guidelines for monitoring of radioactive substances.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2020)Routine station network for regular monitoring programme is recommended as indicated in the following list and maps. Sampling frequency is once a year. Additional stations and samples are recommended, and reporting of the ... -
HELCOM Monitoring Programme topic Litter. Programme: Macrolitter characteristics and abundance/volume – Beach litter.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2020)The monitoring of beach litter started for most HELCOM countries in 2012, and has continued regularly since then. However, the countries have until now used different monitoring protocols for identifying and reporting beach ... -
HELCOM Monitoring Programme topic Litter. Programme: Litter in biota.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2020)Surveys on litter in biota are conducted to allow for an assessment of litter in biota in terms of amounts and composition of ingested plastic and numbers/frequencies of animals adversely affected due to litter, such ... -
HELCOM Monitoring Programme topic Litter. Programme: Microlitter particle abundance and characteristics.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2020)A common monitoring strategy is missing because monitoring methods are under development, and a common approach needs to be agreed upon. Monitoring should enable the identification of artificial polymer particles from ... -
HELCOM Monitoring Programme topic Litter. Programme: Litter on the seafloor.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2020)There is wide experience and data collected on litter in the seafloor and fishing gear/lost fishing nets in the HELCOM area. Seafloor litter collection is integrated to bottom trawling for fish stocks assessment, so therefore ... -
HELCOM Monitoring Programme Litter. Programme: Macrolitter characteristics and abundance-volume-floating litter.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2020)Monitoring is to be carried out to fulfill assessment requirements of HELCOM ecological objectives that are specified through HELCOM core indicators. The requirements on monitoring can include number of stations, the ... -
Marine HNS Response Manual: Multi-regional Bonn Agreement, HELCOM, REMPEC.
(Project WestMopoco, 2021)Maritime transport is often described as “the backbone of globalized trade and the manufacturing supply chain”, since more than 80% of the global merchandise trade by volume is carried by sea. Some of the goods ... -
Technical annex on the determination of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in biota.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2021)(PFAAs) are global environmental contaminants. PFOS and PFOA are chemically and biologically inert and very stable (Poulsen et al. 2005). PFOS meets the P (Persistent) and vP (very Persistent) criteria due to slow degradation. ... -
Guidelines for Sea-Based Measures to Manage Internal Nutrient Reserves in the Baltic Sea Region.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2021)The aim of these guidelines is to provide guidance for researchers planning to undertake research projects and for operators and environmental managers planning to implement activities designed to reduce the negative impacts ... -
Guidelines for monitoring of phytoplankton species composition, abundance and biomass.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2021)Long-term monitoring has enabled determination of the annual phytoplankton succession and facilitates the recognizing of aberrant phenomena and their progression in the phytoplankton community (e.g. Hajdu et al. 2006, ...