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dc.date.accessioned2019-04-05T13:23:32Z
dc.date.available2019-04-05T13:23:32Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.identifier.citationJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (2019) How to map the resilience of hydrothermal vent fields: a tutorial. Version 1. Yokosuka-city, Kanagawa, Japan, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 21pp. (SIP Protocol Series No. 7). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-445en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11329/901
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-445
dc.description.abstractOne of the targets for commercial mining is the Seafloor Massive Sulfides (SMSs) deposits formed around hydrothermal vents, which is a highly attractive source of copper, zinc, lead, gold and silver ores (Hoagland 2010, Herzig 1999, Binns and Scott 1993, Halbach et al. 1989). Hydrothermal vents host chemosynthetic communities as well as metal rich ores. The chemosynthetic communities consist of many endemic invertebrate species specifically adapted to the vent environment via microbial chemoautotrophic primary production (Van Dover 2010). These species have provided new scientific insights into the mechanisms by which organisms adopt to the extreme environment (Jannasch and Wirsen 1979). Furthermore, as reviewed by Le et al. (2016), ecological function and services of these communities range from providing habitat and refuge for other species including non-endemic species (Levin et al. 2016, Govenar 2010), playing a key role in global carbon, sulfur and heavy metals cycling (Jeanthon, 2000, D'Arcy and Amend 2013) and offering new biomolecules that could contribute to industrial development (Terpe et al. 2013, Mahon et al. 2015). Mining of seafloor massive sulfide deposits potentially changes the physico-chemical environment of a vent community through the loss of sulfide habitat, degradation of sulfide habitat quality, modification of fluid flux regimes and exposure of surrounding seafloor habitats (including non-sulfide habitats) to sedimentation and heavy metal deposition (International Seabed Authority 2007, Van Dover 2014). This will directly affect the ecological community by removing and reclaiming organisms, reducing the amount of habitable substrate and changing resource supply. Physico-chemical models and organism distribution data have been integrated to estimate the potential area of sedimentation (Coffey Natural Systems 2008b). However, after the instantaneous effects of a disturbance, the ecological community will reach a new equilibrium state within the disturbed environment (Ives and Carpenter 2007). Hence, potential impacts of artificial disturbances, including how they may cause extinction and modify community structure at different spatial scales (local, regional and global), and decrease diversity at different biological levels (genetic, species and phylogenetic), will be understood by considering both direct impacts of mining activities and subsequent ecological responses. Environmental impact assessments (EIAs) that lack this point of view might severely underestimate the potential risks of anthropological activities.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesSIP Protocol Series;7
dc.subject.otherHydrothermal ventsen_US
dc.subject.otherSulphide depositsen_US
dc.subject.otherMining effectsen_US
dc.subject.otherHydrothermal communitiesen_US
dc.titleHow to map the resilience of hydrothermal vent fields: a tutorial. Verson 1.en_US
dc.typeReporten_US
dc.description.statusPublisheden_US
dc.format.pages21pp.en_US
dc.contributor.corpauthorJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technologyen_US
dc.description.refereedRefereeden_US
dc.publisher.placeYokosuka-city, Kanagawa, Japanen_US
dc.subject.parameterDisciplineParameter Discipline::Marine geologyen_US
dc.subject.parameterDisciplineParameter Discipline::Chemical oceanographyen_US
dc.subject.parameterDisciplineParameter Discipline::Biological oceanographyen_US
dc.description.currentstatusCurrenten_US
dc.description.bptypeBest Practiceen_US
dc.description.bptypeStandard Operating Procedureen_US
obps.contact.contactnameMasanobu Kawachi
obps.contact.contactemailkawachi.masanobu@nies.go.jp
obps.resourceurl.publisherhttps://www.jamstec.go.jp/sip/resultList.htmlen_US


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