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    Metrological challenges for measurements of key climatological observables: Oceanic salinity and pH, and atmospheric humidity. Part 1: Overview.

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    Date
    2016
    Author
    Feistel, R.
    Wielgosz, R.
    Bell, S.A.
    Camões, M. F.
    Cooper, J. R.
    Dexter, P.
    Dickson, A. G.
    Fisicaro, P.
    Harvey, A. H.
    Heinonen, M.
    Hellmuth, O.
    Kretzschmar, H. J.
    Lovell-Smith, J. W.
    McDougall, T. J.
    Pawlowicz, R.
    Ridout, P.,
    Seitz, S.
    Spitzer, P.
    Stoica, D.
    Wolf, H.
    
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    Abstract
    Water in its three ambient phases plays the central thermodynamic role in the terrestrial climate system. Clouds control Earth’s radiation balance, atmospheric water vapour is the strongest “greenhouse” gas, and non-equilibrium relative humidity at the air-sea interface drives evaporation and latent heat export from the ocean. On climatic time scales, melting ice caps and regional deviations of the hydrological cycle result in changes of seawater salinity, which in turn may modify the global circulation of the oceans and their ability to store heat and to buffer anthropogenically produced carbon dioxide. In this paper, together with three companion articles, we examine the climatologically relevant quantities ocean salinity, seawater pH and atmospheric relative humidity, noting fundamental deficiencies in the definitions of those key observables, and their lack of secure foundation on the International System of Units, the SI. The metrological histories of those three quantit.....
    Resource URL
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4759657/
    Journal
    Metrologia
    Volume
    53
    Issue
    1
    Page Range
    pp R1-R11.
    Document Language
    en
    Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
    14.A
    Essential Ocean Variables (EOV)
    Sea surface salinity
    Best Practice Type
    Standard Operating Procedure
    Guide
    DOI Original
    10.1088/0026-1394/53/1/R1
    Citation
    Feistel, R., Wielgosz, R., Bell, S. A., Camões, M. F., Cooper, J. R., Dexter, P., Dickson, A. G., Fisicaro, P., Harvey, A. H., Heinonen, M., Hellmuth, O., Kretzschmar, H. J., Lovell-Smith, J. W., McDougall, T. J., Pawlowicz, R., Ridout, P., Seitz, S., Spitzer, P., Stoica, D. and Wolf, H. (2015) Metrological challenges for measurements of key climatological observables: Oceanic salinity and pH, and atmospheric humidity. Part 1: Overview. Metrologia, 53(1),pp. R1-R11. DOI:10.1088/0026-1394/53/1/R1
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11329/871
    http://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-418
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