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Guidelines for sampling and determination of pH in seawater.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2017)
Since ocean acidification is a growing concern, monitoring of pH is necessary for studies of acidification and its effects on the carbonate buffer system. As many important biological processes are likely to be affected ...
Technical annex on the determination of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in biota.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2021)
(PFAAs) are global environmental contaminants. PFOS and PFOA are chemically and biologically inert and very stable (Poulsen et al. 2005). PFOS meets the P (Persistent) and vP (very Persistent) criteria due to slow degradation. ...
Guidelines for sampling and determination of phosphate.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2017)
Phosphate is in many cases in the Baltic Sea the limiting factor for phytoplankton growth. Monitoring of phosphate levels is essential for evaluation of the effects of eutrophication.
1.2 Purpose and aims
Monitoring of ...
Guideline on the determination of Perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) in seawater.
(HELCOM, Helsinki, Finland, 2018)
Perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and other per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are considered global environmental contaminants. PFOS and PFOA are chemically and biologically ...