dc.contributor.author | Sedlak, Meg | |
dc.contributor.author | Sutton, Rebecca | |
dc.contributor.author | Box, Carolynn | |
dc.contributor.author | Sun, Jennifer | |
dc.contributor.author | Lin, Diana | |
dc.coverage.spatial | San Francisco waters | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2020-04-29T17:37:57Z | |
dc.date.available | 2020-04-29T17:37:57Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Sedlak, M.; Sutton, R.; Box, C.; Sun, J. and Lin, D. (2017.) Sampling and
Analysis Plan for Microplastic Monitoring in San Francisco Bay and Adjacent National Marine
Sanctuaries: FINAL. Richmond CA. San Francisco Estuary Institute and Aquatic Science Center, 136pp. (SFEI Contribution 819). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-818 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11329/1310 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-818 | |
dc.description.abstract | Plastic in the ocean, and more specifically microplastic (particles <5 mm), has been gaining global
attention as a pervasive and preventable threat to the health of marine ecosystems. Microplastic is
ingested by marine organisms (Wright et al. 2013), and may impact their physiological processes (von
Moos et al. 2012; Cole et al. 2013, 2015; Rochman et al. 2013, 2014b; Wright et al. 2013; Watts et al.
2015; Lu et al. 2016; Sussarellu et al. 2016). Microplastic may also contain harmful chemicals such as
flame retardants, plasticizers, or dyes (Browne et al. 2013; Fries et al. 2013; Rochman et al. 2013,
2014a,b), and may provide a substrate for the adsorption of other harmful chemicals in the ocean, like
PCBs and DDT (Teuten et al. 2007), which then may be transferred up the food chain (e.g., Farrell and
Nelson 2013; Rochman et al. 2014a; Setala et al. 2014). Many scientific questions remain, however, and
there is a need for research on the patterns of distribution and uptake of microplastic by organisms in
their ocean ecosystems.
These scientific gaps also exist for San Francisco Bay, where basic questions remain unanswered, such as
where, when, and how is microplastic entering the Bay and what circulation patterns deliver them to the
ocean. The use of plastic in modern society is ubiquitous; as a result, the pathways by which microplastic
reach the Bay, its transport and distribution throughout the Bay, and the levels to which it is taken up
into the food web are complex. A preliminary study of nine surface water sites in Central Bay and South
Bay showed greater levels of microplastic than in either the Great Lakes or Chesapeake Bay (Sutton et al.
2016). Understanding this stressor is important not only to the health of the Bay, but to the adjacent
ocean. In addition, understanding the dynamics of this issue from a scientific perspective is critical to
informing and motivating effective policy solutions, interventions, and innovations at the waste
treatment, individual behavior, and industrial design level. Current policies that govern wastewater and
stormwater treatment processes and current definitions of pollution are inadequate to address this
growing and widespread threat. Data are essential to understanding and minimizing the impacts of
microplastic on San Francisco Bay and the adjacent ocean.
To develop critical baseline data and inform solutions, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation has
awarded the San Francisco Estuary Institute and The 5 Gyres Institute a grant for $880,250 to complete
a series of studies over 2 years, including water, sediment, and fish monitoring; computer modeling;
evaluation of policy options; and communication of findings to the scientific, industry and policy‐maker
communities as well as the public. The RMP has allocated matching funds of $75,000 and in‐kind
support for this project. Bay Area stormwater and wastewater agencies are also providing in‐kind
support through access to sampling areas and expertise. This document outlines the environmental monitoring that will be conducted to address the data gaps
that have been identified for San Francisco Bay and the sanctuaries. The document briefly explains the
overall management questions that guide the long‐term monitoring for microplastic and provides a
context for the goals for this specific project. The document articulates the specific hypotheses and
research questions that guided the design of this sampling plan. Additional information on the
overarching goals of the microplastic program can be found in the RMP Microplastic Strategy (Sutton
and Sedlak 2017). | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | San Francisco Estuary Institute and Aquatic Science Center | en_US |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | SFEI Contribution;819 | |
dc.subject.other | Microplastics | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Marine debris | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Marine litter | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Plastic litter | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Plastic debris | en_US |
dc.title | Sampling and Analysis Plan for Microplastic Monitoring in San Francisco Bay and Adjacent National Marine Sanctuaries: FINAL. | en_US |
dc.type | Report | en_US |
dc.description.status | Published | en_US |
dc.format.pages | 136pp. | en_US |
dc.description.refereed | Refereed | en_US |
dc.publisher.place | Richmond, CA | en_US |
dc.subject.parameterDiscipline | Parameter Discipline::Environment::Anthropogenic contamination | en_US |
dc.subject.parameterDiscipline | Parameter Discipline::Environment::Human activity | en_US |
dc.description.currentstatus | Current | en_US |
dc.description.sdg | 14.1 | en_US |
dc.description.maturitylevel | TRL 9 Actual system "mission proven" through successful mission operations (ground or space) | en_US |
dc.description.bptype | Manual (incl. handbook, guide, cookbook etc) | en_US |
obps.resourceurl.publisher | https://www.sfei.org/documents/sampling-and-analysis-plan-microplastic-monitoring-san-francisco-bay-and-adjacent-national | en_US |