IOCCG Protocol Series
https://repository.oceanbestpractices.org/handle/11329/548
2024-03-29T13:58:22ZOcean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation Volume 7.0. Aquatic Primary Productivity Field Protocols for Satellite Validation and Model Synthesis.
https://repository.oceanbestpractices.org/handle/11329/2059
Ocean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation Volume 7.0. Aquatic Primary Productivity Field Protocols for Satellite Validation and Model Synthesis.
Vandermeulen, Ryan A.; Chaves, Joaquín E.
The measurement of aquatic primary productivity (PP) is central to the quantitative understanding of the global biosphere, yielding critical insights into the role and magnitude of carbon, oxygen, and other bioactive element fluxes between the ocean, the geosphere, and the atmosphere. The accumulation of theoretical, methodological, and technological advances has led to the development of numerous approaches to measure oceanic PP, all with the common objective of quantifying the fluxes of reduced carbon into aquatic ecosystems. Methods to derive estimates of PP include, the analysis of incubations to measure dissolved oxygen gas accumulation and consumption, radioactive 14C, stable 13C, and 18O uptake, isotopic composition of atmospheric and dissolved oxygen, underway measurements of O2/Ar, kinetic measurements of variable chlorophyll fluorescence, and temporally and spatially integrated time series from gliders or buoys. Integrating these measurements with satellite observations of ocean biomass and its physical environment enable the scaling up of PP data into a comprehensive, global picture. The main goal for these PP protocols is to establish a set of best practices across multiple methods for measuring aquatic primary productivity, in an effort to constrain systematic and random measurement biases. Through a better understanding of the different capabilities, assumptions, and limitations inherent to each measurement, users may leverage the assets and liabilities of each method in the context of satellite validation and model synthesis.
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZOcean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation, Volume 6.0: Particulate Organic Matter Sampling and Measurement Protocols: Consensus Towards Future Ocean Color Missions.
https://repository.oceanbestpractices.org/handle/11329/1716
Ocean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation, Volume 6.0: Particulate Organic Matter Sampling and Measurement Protocols: Consensus Towards Future Ocean Color Missions.
This document is the product of a multi-year effort that started with a two-and-a-half-day workshop organized by the NASA Ocean Ecology Lab Field Support Group and hosted at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center from November 30–December 2, 2016. The original objective was to produce community consensus protocols for sample collection, filtration, storage, analysis, and quality assurance for particulate organic carbon in all natural waters, emphasizing marine ecosystems, appropriate for satellite algorithm development and validation. Given the close link between global cycles of carbon and nitrogen and that current analytical protocols usually are geared towards their simultaneous measurement, recommendations for analysis of nitrogen in particles are also included. The hope is that the protocols presented here can be widely adopted by the academic scientific community engaged in aquatic C and N cycle research, particularly in activities that support ocean color validation. The resulting protocol review document: Particulate Organic Matter Sampling and Measurement Protocols: Consensus Towards Future Ocean Color Missions, and the associated workshop activity were sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), including funding for the Field Support Group (NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program) and a ROSES NNH15ZDA001N-TWSC award to Antonio Mannino, Ivona Cetinić, Joaquín Chaves, Michael Novak, and Jeremy Werdell under the NASA Program Topical Workshops, Symposia, and Conferences Program with additional support for contributing authors and workshop participants by their respective institutions. This document provides a detailed discussion of state-of-the-art technologies and protocols for sampling and measuring aquatic particulate organic carbon and particulate nitrogen. Appendix A provides a summary of best practices and recommendations for those developing a research program that includes measurements of POM. Significant contributions by all authors and reviewers made the completion of this document possible. Reference herein to any specific commercial products, processes, or services by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement or recommendation by the authors or their employers.
2021-01-01T00:00:00ZOcean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation, Volume 3.0: Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Data Validation: In Situ Optical Radiometry.
https://repository.oceanbestpractices.org/handle/11329/1171
Ocean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation, Volume 3.0: Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Data Validation: In Situ Optical Radiometry.
This protocol document aims to support the ocean color community with protocols for the collection, processing and quality assurance of in situ measurements of the apparent optical properties of natural water for the validation of satellite radiometric products. In addition to a general introduction on Elements of Marine Optical Radiometry Data and Analysis (Chapter 1), the document addresses Radiometers Specifications (Chapter 2), Calibration and Characterization of Optical Radiometers (Chapter 3), In-water Radiometry Measurements and Data Analysis (Chapter 4), and Above-water Radiometry Measurements and Data Analysis (Chapter 5).
The overall structure and content of the various chapters are based on, and benefit from, the Ocean Optics Protocols promoted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration within the framework of the Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) and Sensor Intercomparison for Marine Biological and Interdisciplinary Ocean Studies (SIMBIOS) programs (Mueller and Austin 1995, Mueller et al. 2003a, Mueller et al. 2003b).
It is emphasized that, by recognizing optical radiometry can be heavily affected by the presence of clouds which will unavoidably challenge the quantification of measurement uncertainties, the protocols put emphasis only on measurements performed during clear sky conditions, which are those relevant for the validation of satellite ocean color data products.
Finally, it is anticipated that the chapters on in-water and above-water radiometry provide comprehensive details on those measurement methods sharing large consensus inside the community and whose application is strongly encouraged. Conversely, brief summaries are only provided for those methods already well represented by the previous ones or for those methods that may exhibit difficult implementation in a variety of measurement conditions.
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZOcean Optics & Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation, Volume 4.0. Inherent Optical Property Measurements and Protocols: Best Practices for the Collection and Processing of Ship-Based Underway Flow-Through Optical Data (V. 4.0).
https://repository.oceanbestpractices.org/handle/11329/1144
Ocean Optics & Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation, Volume 4.0. Inherent Optical Property Measurements and Protocols: Best Practices for the Collection and Processing of Ship-Based Underway Flow-Through Optical Data (V. 4.0).
Neeley, Aimee R.; Mannino, Antonio
Optical data can be collected using the flow-through systems installed on research vessels and ships of opportunity to take advantage of the availability of sea water pumped into the vessel. These "in-line" or “underway” systems are able to provide data at spatial resolutions on the order of 10-100 m. As the number of research groups making these measurements grows, there is a need to provide coordinated data collection and processing protocols to standardize methodology and data quality. In 2015, a NASA-sponsored workshop was organized to share such knowledge. Here, we discuss the essential issues associated with in-line data collection, provide recommendations on best practices for collection and processing and report on available software.
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZOcean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation, Volume 2.0. Beam Transmission and Attenuation Coefficients: Instruments, Characterization, Field Measurements and Data Analysis Protocols.
https://repository.oceanbestpractices.org/handle/11329/917
Ocean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation, Volume 2.0. Beam Transmission and Attenuation Coefficients: Instruments, Characterization, Field Measurements and Data Analysis Protocols.
Neeley, Aimee; Cetinić, Ivona
Inherent Optical Properties Measurements and Protocols: Beam Transmission and Attenuation (v2.0) is a document that serves as a comprehensive overview of beam transmittance concepts and the calibration, measurement and analysis protocols for the state-of-the-art technologies that measure the attenuation of dissolved and particulate matter in water. Section 1 provides a detailed overview of measurement concepts and governing equations to derive the beam attenuation coefficient. Section 2 details the design characteristics of common transmissometers. Section 3 describes methods for the characterization and calibration of beam transmissometers. Lastly, this document provides detailed data collection and analysis methods in Sections 4 and 5. This protocol document serves as an updated version of Chapter 2 in Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Color Sensor Validation Revision 4, Volume IV (Pegau et al. 2003).
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZOcean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation; Volume 1.0. Inherent Optical Property Measurements and Protocols: Absorption Coefficient.
https://repository.oceanbestpractices.org/handle/11329/547
Ocean Optics and Biogeochemistry Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation; Volume 1.0. Inherent Optical Property Measurements and Protocols: Absorption Coefficient.
Neeley, Aimee R.; Mannino, Antonio
Inherent Optical Properties Measurements and Protocols: Absorption Coefficient (v1.0) is a document that serves as a comprehensive overview of calibration, measurement and analysis protocols for the state-of-the-art technologies that measure the absorption of particles in the water or on a filter pad. Chapter 1 provides a detailed overview of the absorption coefficient of pure water, colored dissolved matter and particles along with the current state-of-the-art pure water absorption coefficients, uncertainties and temperature and salinity corrections. Chapters 2–4 provide detailed protocols for measuring particles in suspension using the reflective tube absorption meter, the integrating cavity absorption meter, and the point-source integrating cavity absorption meter. Lastly, Chapter 5 describes the most up-to-date methods for the measurement of absorbance and the computation of absorption for particles on a filter pad using the transmittance method, transmittance method with fiber optics, the transmittance-reflectance method and inside an integrating sphere. Chapters 1, 2, and 5 represent updated versions of those found in Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Color Sensor Validation Revision 4, Volume IV (Mitchell et al. 2002). Chapters 3 and 4 are new contributions to the protocol.
2018-01-01T00:00:00Z